Cholesterol Levels - Endocrine Wellness Institute

Understanding Cholesterol Levels

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance essential for various bodily functions. However, high levels can pose serious health risks. The liver produces cholesterol, and we also obtain it from our diet. It's crucial for hormone production, vitamin D synthesis, and bile acid creation, aiding digestion. High blood cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries (atherosclerosis), increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Types of Cholesterol

There are two main types of cholesterol:

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): Often called "bad" cholesterol, high LDL levels contribute to artery plaque buildup.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL): Known as "good" cholesterol, HDL removes LDL cholesterol from the arteries and transports it to the liver for elimination.

Ideal Cholesterol Levels

The ideal cholesterol levels, according to the American Heart Association, are:

LDL cholesterol: Less than 100 mg/dL (optimal)
HDL cholesterol: 60 mg/dL or higher (optimal)
Total cholesterol: Less than 200 mg/dL (desirable)

Managing Cholesterol Levels

Managing cholesterol levels involves a multifaceted approach:

Diet: Limit foods high in saturated and trans fats (e.g., fatty meats, full-fat dairy, fried foods). Focus on fiber-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans.
Exercise: Regular physical activity helps raise HDL and lower LDL levels.
Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight positively impacts cholesterol levels.
Medications: Your doctor may prescribe cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins, if lifestyle changes are insufficient.

Summary

Cholesterol levels refer to the amount of cholesterol in your blood. While cholesterol is essential, high levels of LDL ("bad") cholesterol can lead to artery plaque buildup and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. A healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management, and medication (when necessary) can help maintain healthy cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risks. Regular cholesterol checks are important, as high cholesterol often has no noticeable symptoms.